Study finds high-fructose diets may enhance tumor growth

ST. LOUIS -- A Washington University study is shedding new light on the relationship between cancer and what you eat, saying high-fructose diets can accelerate tumor growth. New research suggests that cancer cells don't directly use fructose to fuel their growth. Instead, the liver converts the sugar into something that cancer cells use to build new cellular membranes.

A study published in the journal Nature says that tumor growth rates were enhanced in animals fed high-fructose diets without changes in body weight or insulin levels. The study spans multiple cancer types, including melanoma, breast, and cervical cancer.

The findings are particularly significant given Americans' massive increase in fructose consumption—from 5-10 pounds annually in the 1960s to around 130 pounds today. High-fructose corn syrup has become a ubiquitous ingredient in processed foods, from pasta sauce to salad dressing, making the sugar nearly impossible to avoid in the modern diet.

While the research doesn't suggest fructose causes cancer, it demonstrates how the sugar can enhance existing tumor growth through a complex metabolic process. The liver's role in this mechanism is crucial, transforming fructose into something that cancer cells consume to support their rapid expansion.

To limit fructose, avoid sugary drinks and processed foods with high-fructose corn syrup. Read labels, choose whole foods like vegetables and lean proteins, and cook more meals at home. Be cautious of packaged low-fat "healthy" foods, limit desserts, and use natural sweeteners sparingly.

Scientists are now exploring potential therapeutic approaches to the issue. Washington University researchers are working with the study authors to develop a clinical trial.